Analytical expressions were obtained to predict the average crush load and the crush length in a crush cycle for the composite conical shells as well as for the cylindrical tubes.
Three distinct failure modes, classified as progressive end crushing, mid-length collapse and overlap opening, were observed in the dynamic crushing tests.
To study the repetitive nature of ice force, damage zone lengths of crushing failure were computed and conclude that damage zone lengths are 0.15 0.2 times as ice thickness.
Thus, the crushing energy per unit length of tube is predicted to a very good accuracy.
It is found that both the lengths of the rebar yielding zone and the curvature localization zone increase first and then decrease as confinement increases, while the length of concrete crushing zone keeps decreasing with the increase in confinement.
Rachel Alexandra rolled to victory in the $500,000 Kentucky Oaks on Friday, crushing the field by 20 1/4 lengths and perhaps stamping herself as the best 3-year-old horse in the country, male or female.
Eskendereya was a crushing eight-and-a-half-length winner in the Fountain of Youth in Florida; Lookin at Lucky easily came from behind to win the Rebel Stakes by a head.
For columns with crack pattern IC, the crushing failure near the mid-length of initial cracks was observed in the main branch, while no obvious damage was found in the small branch, as shown in Fig. 2f.
The crack propagation along the grain direction was observed, and the branch on the compressive side exhibited crushing failure near the mid-length of initial cracks, as presented in Fig. 2e.
Tests in field indicate that for soil-rototilling operation, the tillage depth is deeper than 80 mm, the soil-crushing rate (length of soil block less than 40 mm) is over 50%%, and the vegetation coverage rate is over 55%%.
