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After selecting the 5 major species – Ginkgo biloba, Zelkova serrata, Metasequoia glytroboides, Prunus serrulata, and Platanus occidentalis – one hundred sample trees of each species were randomly chosen considering diameter at the breast height (DBH), and then diameter at every 2 m height, height, and crown radius were measured.
A simple linear relationship was then used to estimate DBH for every stem from its standardised crown radius.
Fixed parameters were DEM, land cover map, individual tree map (coordinates, DBH, height, crown radius, crown length).
(a-c) show the crown radius, crown area, and number of trees per unit area for species with different growing space requirements.
A tree-detection algorithm was used to process each image so that the location (Figure 1), crown radius and height of every stem could be retrieved.
Under the assumption that the crown radius and stem DBH are linearly related (Patton 1988, Madgwick 1994), the standardised distributions of DBH from the ground plots were compared with the standardised distributions of crown radius from the ten segmented CHM images.
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Crown radii obtained from TreeVaW ranged from 0.59 to 0.71 m, lower than those from manual segmentation.
where r is the radial distance from the Earth's centre; ν is the crust Poisson's ratio; ρ C is the crust density; ω is the Earth angular velocity; and R 1 and R 2 are the internal and external circular crown radii, i.e. here, d = R 2 −R 1 equals the thickness of the crust.
This corresponds to evaluate the radial σ R and hoop σ H stresses of a rotating circular crown, or a thick ring, with a thickness of d = 20 km, as a function of the radial distance, r; the crust Poisson's ratio, ν; the crust density, ρ C; the Earth angular velocity, ω; and the internal and external circular crown radii, R 1 and R 2 (see Appendix).
After collecting the data in the field we calculated the crown projection area using the quadratic mean of the recorded crown radii.
It allows recording more border points in the same time than conventional methods and therefore increasing the number of crown radii per tree which is much more essential for a precise calculation of the crown projection area than measuring a few radii with a high precision (Röhle and Huber, 1985).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com