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We found that the interplay between disturbance intensity and species composition modulates crown efficiency of dominant beech trees.
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Crown efficiency (basal area growth per unit crown surface area) was used as an indicator for the effectiveness of tree growth.
Inter-specific competition enhanced crown efficiency in unmanaged stands, whereas managed stands showed an opposite trend.
Changes in crown efficiency with tree and stand attributes were assessed using generalized additive models (GAMs).
Consequently, crown efficiency significantly increased with decreasing disturbance intensity and intra-specific competition.
It mattered not that the fuel efficiency of the Crown Vic was only marginally better than that of Al Cowling's mammoth Ford Bronco.
Anxious to ensure peace and order as a means to the prosperity of the kingdom, Philip established a system of local militias under officers responsible to the crown; he also increased the efficiency of government machinery at all levels and checked the abuses of local officials.
In this electrolysis, the ligand effect of the alkali metal ion sources was remarkably noted, that is, the electroreduction using sodium ion crown ether complexes, especially, sodium ion the polymeric crown ether ligands such as poly vinylbenzo-15-crown-5-co-styrene) compoly vinylbenzo-15-crown-5-co-styreney of the electroreduction.
The efficiency of the immobilisation process increases with increasing size of the crown and decreasing water content (and thus mean pore radius) of the hydrogels.
A much smaller Brooklyn hospital, Interfaith Medical Center, serving Bedford-Stuyvesant and Crown Heights, recently filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy reorganization, and a panel created by Gov. Andrew M. Cuomo has recommended improving the solvency and efficiency of it and several other hospitals through mergers.
It had an efficiency of 13.7%.
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