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The liquid is firstly in contact with the crown area where the maximum stresses were obtained.
We found that 38% of tree crown area was lost during the drought period between 2002 and 2006.
Crown area tended to be low with 90percentt of observations between 13 and 35percentt at the 1 ha scale.
Stands recovered to an old-growth condition with a stable size distribution ('quasi-steady state') 175 years after disturbances removing 60% of the aggregate crown area, compared to 280 years after a disturbance with no residual trees.
The results of mixed effects models showed that crown area was mainly affected by the target tree's dbh and biotic variables related to neighbours (competition, functional diversity), whereas stem inclination was mainly influenced by slope.
The stem density was dominated by young, thrifty-mature trees of good or moderate vigor but basal area and crown area was dominated by mature or over-mature trees with moderate or poor vigor.
Our results indicate that forest management in this region should focus on functionally diverse stands which are promoting crown area positively resulting in increased growth rates of individual trees.
Using empirically-fit allometric parameters and diameter growth rates from plot census data, we modeled tree height and crown area growth over the projected life span of each species.
Crown area.
In the visual attention method results, false alarms occur in the crown area of the tree scene.
A c (m2) is the crown area, and ψ (s) the photosynthetically active period of the time scale.
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