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To summarize the data: the absence of these variants is always associated with a "compatible" crossing type while its presence is mostly associated with "incompatible" crossing type with few discrepancies.
In 180 isofemale lines of C. pipiens exclusively infected with wPipIV strains, specific variations of the cidA-cidB gene repertoires are found to match crossing type variations.
Strikingly, cidA and cidB repertoire variations were clearly associated with crossing type variations, as cidA_IV and cidB_IV(a/2) variants were found uniquely in "incompatible" lines (Fig. 5).
Natural fractures with different structural properties may result in different propagation types of hydraulic fracture, which can be categorized as capturing type, crossing type, and compound type.
The analysis of CidA and CidB polymorphic regions revealed that the sequence variations associated with crossing type variations are restricted to about 30 amino-acid positions, for both proteins (Fig. 6a).
As the protein variations matching with crossing type variations occur in putative ankyrin domains, we hypothesize that CidA and CidB co-diversify in these domains because they are involved in their reciprocal interactions (Fig. 6).
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Such variability in interactions between CidA and CidB could drive the unrivaled diversity of crossing types in C. pipiens.
Crop-produced cross type seeds displayed levels of mortality at early spring that suggest overwinter germination may constitute a major source of mortality for these cross types (Fig. 2E).
We provide a text file of our LSMs by population and cross type [see Supporting Information ].
We used six isofemale lines with two different crossing types.
All breeding — whether mixing varieties of apples or crossing types of orchids — modifies genomes.
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