There are many examples for which overall structural similarity results from functional or environmental constraints rather than shared ancestry: webbing between digits in aquatic organisms, cross-sectional proportions of wings in flying animals, modifications of leaves in cold and/or dry environments.
Compared with the previous cross-sectional survey, the proportion of individuals under the age of 1 year was higher than expected (12.9% vs 4.5%, p<0.001) presumably as a result of infant attendance at the MCH clinic for routine vaccination (Table 1).
In other cross-sectional studies, the proportion of VIA positive women varies from 2%to16%6% [ 7, 14, 15].
*Dentist's scores are displayed vertically in the table In this cross-sectional study, the proportion of children who were professionally assessed as having a clinically definite need for treatment is lower than previously reported in the child dental health survey for the UK [ 18].
These include street tree canopy, the number of buildings along a block, and the cross-sectional proportion the ratio of building height to width across the street between building façades.
The study design was cross-sectional, but a high proportion indicated a willingness to participate in follow-up research.
We scaled the lobules so that their cross-sectional areas and the proportion of this area taken up by both portal tracts and central veins were preserved.
To corroborate this idea, we conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the proportion of inverted pairs, separately for each of the four physical distance categories (fig. 7).
Cross-sectional measurement of the proportion of eligible patients receiving National Health and Medical Research Council NHMRCC) recommended diabetes diagnostic testing, monitoring and control at each ACCHO will be completed at baseline and follow-up.
The benefit to mental health from smoking may be from the pleasure or relaxation derived from the habit [ 60], though this is inconclusive due to the cross-sectional design and small proportion of smokers in our study (<5 %).
