Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a cross-sectional, three-dimensional, high-resolution imaging modality that uses low coherence interferometry to achieve axial resolution in the range of 3 20 μm.
Cross-sectional, two-dimensional and color Doppler transthoracic echocardiography was used to assess cardiac structure and function in vivo.
AS-OCT is a noncontact method that provides cross-sectional, three-dimensional, high-resolution images of the anterior segment of the eye, with an axial resolution ranging from 3 to 20 μm.
Standardized cross-sectional 2-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography [ 16] was used to measure the short axis left ventricular dimensions in the parasternal long axis view and the longitudinal left atrial diameter in the apical view.
The three-dimensional continuum is rigorously reduced to a two-dimensional cross-sectional analysis and a one-dimensional Euler-Bernoulli beam analysis.
Real-time (cross-sectional or two-dimensional) echocardiography depicts cardiac shape and lateral movement not available in M-mode echocardiography by moving the ultrasonic beam very rapidly, and such recording may be displayed on film or videotape.
Cross-sectional and three-dimensional (3D) imaging may enable safer procedures, especially in complex cases.
After data acquisition, Octopus (version 8.2) and VGStudio Max (version 1.2) were used to perform cross-sectional and three-dimensional reconstructions of the sample, respectively.
Figure 6a, b, respectively, shows the cross-sectional and three-dimensional ultrasonic, photoacoustic, and fused images of the tumor region as a function of time, upon the tail vein injection of rNGO-PEG/ICG (150 μL, ~15 mg kg−1).
Besides chest radiography, the most commonly employed first-line test for chest disorders, and computed tomography (CT), so far the most comprehensive and detailed modality for cross-sectional and three-dimensional (3D) imaging of the lung, MRI is becoming an alternative, third method for the assessment of pulmonary diseases.
