Because of the relatively high scattering cross section, large AuNPs (R ~ λ, where R is the particle radius and λ the excitation wavelength) can be imaged using optical methods such as total internal reflection [ 10], video-based contrast enhancement [ 11, 12], asymmetric dark-field illumination [ 13] and imaging scattered light [ 14, 15].
Owing to the vertical extension of the TSS into the film10, the resulting scattering cross-section is larger for the domain boundary than for the step edge.
In addition, tethering resulted in an oval-shaped cavity, with a cross-section area larger than that of the implant itself, and in marked changes in morphology and organization of neurons in the region closest to the tissue interface.
When the channel cross-section is large, i.e., h and w are large, the second term of eq 1 for the contribution of the surface charge goes to zero, and the channel conductivity matches the bulk conductivity.
As a first prototype superconducting coil, the coil configuration which consists of left-right asymmetric cross-section and large aperture has been designed.
When the semi-angle at half power is small, the difference due to the shape of emission cross-section is large.
Neutron is an effective tool in locating hydrogen atoms in a molecule due to the fact that neutron proton scattering cross-section is large.
To summarize, PCa with high RA concentration commonly had the following characteristics: cream-yellow cross-section surface, large stem diameter and surface color of purple and brown.
In contrast, for a circular cross-section the largest amplitude of vibration is only 0.045 nm, which occurs near intersections of twin boundaries and surfaces.
Anteriorly the ribs are expanded and in cross-section possess large pneumatic vacuities internal structures.
