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Notably, the ratio of the active-to-passive layer thickness is extremely small, as clearly evidenced in the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of an actuator cross section, in which the thicknesses of the PEDOT PSS and PDMS layers were 600 ± 29 nm and 120 ± 10 μm, respectively.
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Also, these new dyes exhibit large two-photon absorption cross sections, in which the σ data measured by the open aperture Z-scan technique are determined to be 150, 300, 1140 and 1016 GM for four dyes, respectively.
These new compounds exhibited large two-photon absorption cross sections, in which the σ data measured by the open aperture Z-scan technique were determined to be 173, 429, 1132 and 1665 GM for BTZ-I, BTZ-II, BTZ-III and BTZ-IV, respectively.
This technique is based on the execution of holes drilled through the element cross section, in which steel or fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bars are inserted and bonded to the surrounding concrete with an epoxy adhesive.
Pressure fields in rigid smooth straight tubes with an axially uniform cross section, in which an incompressible Newtonian fluid flows steadily, have been determined.
In addition, this paper presents a unified calculation method for bending deformation suitable for the analysis of beams with equal-area or variable-area cross-sections, in which the non-prismatic beam is made equivalent to the prismatic beam by introducing the concept of equivalent inertia moment.
More precisely, we pick the cross-sections in which the ratio of the average observed mass through the projections to the variance of the mass in the projections is above some specified tolerance.
In order to improve the performance of screw rotors, a novel screw rotor with variable cross-section profiles, in which the screw pitch and cross-section profile varying with the helical angle, is proposed for twin-screw vacuum pumps in this paper.
Figure 8 a2) displayed the cross-section, in which ECs were stained green and fibroblasts were stained red.
This approach can handle arbitrary composite cross-sections, in which more than one shear connection can exist between the concrete and steel components, and for which the steel beam can be formed by open, closed or partially closed cross-sections.
Cut in half and suspended against a black background, the specimens resemble geologic cross-sections in which layers of sand, silt and mud have been replaced with prosciutto, fig butter and roasted red peppers.
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