As a case study, the optimization of the shape of a tall building cross-section in terms of both the lift and the drag coefficient is considered.
An analytical elastic distortional buckling theory is formulated in the chapter to investigate the elastic structural behavior of I-sections with very slender webs where cross section distortion in terms of local buckling of the web-plate and overall distortional buckling of the I- sections are fully incorporated.
An important benefit of using BR in an FS configuration is the enhancement in cross section, both in terms of magnitude and stability.
It has the most direct influences on door-closing performance, which is determined by cross-section design in terms of its appropriate Compression Load Deflection (CLD) property.
Cross section is expressed in terms of area, and its numerical value is chosen so that, if the bombarding particle hits a circular area of this size perpendicular to its path and centred at the target nucleus or particle, the given reaction occurs; and, if it misses the area, the reaction does not occur.
While we aimed to include a cross section of services in terms of remoteness, population size and governance arrangements, the requirements of the participatory action process meant our selection of services was influenced to an extent by the likelihood of achieving active participation.
This probability is not equal for all scattered molecules, as REMPI probes the density of molecules at a given moment in time, whereas scattering cross sections are defined in terms of fluxes.
A numerical comparison is made of the parabolic flexure with a constant rectangular cross-section flexure hinge in terms of several performance criteria.
The exact differential equations have been solved for this particular cross-section variation law, in terms of Bessel functions, so that exact critical loads and free frequencies can be used to illustrate the performance of the proposed approach.
This example is intended to demonstrate the generality and the application of the formulation where several equivalent composite cross-sections are analyzed in terms of their moment capacities, as shown in Fig. 11.
The average non-dimensional square root of the groove cross-section, l+, defined in terms of the drag coefficient at design angle of attack for the optimum riblet configuration in the fully coverage case was found to be l+≈10, which is very close to the optimum value found for planar surfaces.
