Beams with the extreme low ratios of beam length to beam cross-section contour dimensions are analyzed.
Then, a frame field is defined over the offset curve and the cross-section contour is swept according to this field.
Unlike other existing beam theories, the present GBT formulation incorporates non-classical effects comprising (i) elastic material couplings, (ii) deformation of cross-section contour, (iii) warping deformation and (iv) shear deformation.
The consideration is based on the assumption that stresses and displacements due to the cross-section distortion have small influence on stresses and displacements according to the classical theories of thin-walled beams of open sections, where the cross-section contour maintains its shape, and may be ignored.
Secondly, in a concurrently obtainable sagittal cross section, the contour of the liver is manually traced and the liver surface area is measured slice by slice in some 10 sagittal projections flanked by the most lateral left and right points of the diaphragm in the frontal plane.
The algorithm for STL file generation from cross-sectional contours consists of three major steps: (1) preprocessing of cross-section images for data reduction, (2) Delaunay triangulation of contours in the first and last layers and (3) triangulation of contours between adjacent layers.
Fig. 10 Composite differences of latitude-pressure cross section of a vertical velocity (contours) and meridional circulations (vectors) and b relative humidity averaged along 100° 180°E between high and low EASMI years for JJA.
Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) works by a CO2 (10.6 µm) or Nd: YAG (1.06 µm) laser selectively sintering the contours of a cross section corresponding to the CAD model onto a thin layer of powder spread on the building platform.
A new method for modeling the shell yarns is incorporated that more accurately represents the contours of the yarn cross section.
The sagittal and dorsal planes showed that both kidneys had an oval format, regular contours and slightly hyperechoic renal capsule, in cross section the kidneys appear with a rounded shape.
Open image in new window Fig. 11 Pressure contour in a horizontal cross section.
