Critics of data-driven accountability for schools had predicted that the emphasis on test scores and graduation rates would lead teachers and administrators to bend rules to help students graduate.
Critics of big data are picking holes in its validity as a concept, but there is a problem with their arguments around data volume - it is speed, not size, that defines big data in 2013.
Critics of sense data have objected to the theory's commitment to mind-body dualism, the problems it raises for our knowledge of the external world, its difficulty in locating sense data in physical space, and its apparent commitment to the existence of objects with indeterminate properties.
(There are mainstream critics of that data point, too, just not very many of them).
One way for a critic of sense data to respond to this argument would be to deny that state B causes Sam to have a mental object of awareness.
But some critics of putting criminal data online say the Internet will scare people needlessly, lead to retributive violence, and, as a result, create more sex crimes.
But Mr. Chester expressed doubts that the settlement would appease critics of Facebook's data-collection practices.
"I underestimated the abilities of a clever informatician to figure out algorithms for data mining," said Dr. Altman, once a critic of this sort of "data mining".
Critics of the Piketty-Saez data argue, with some justification, that tax return data is unreliable.
In any event, the lines between the two sets of data, these critics say, are blurring.
Critics of the A-A data dispute the contributory impact of factors such as socioeconomic differences (Eley et al, 1994) and disparities in access to, and receipt of, health care between the ethnic groups (Dignam et al, 1997; Bickell et al, 2006).
