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Based on literature data, Fig. 2 shows the log-normal distribution for the critical headway vs the normal distribution for the mean of the critical headway.
Critical headway estimates at multi-lane sites were done using two different techniques [61].
Table 2 reports the values of the estimated critical headway and the standard deviation.
Two conventional methods were used to estimate the critical headway at all roundabouts.
The critical headway and follow-up headways are extracted from these videos.
For the single-lane roundabout a value 2.2 s was found for the critical headway.
The Raff's method [47] was used to calculate the critical headway.
The mean critical headway resulted ranging between 3.9 s and 4.8 s for cars, whereas the critical headway resulted ranging between 4.5 s and 6.1 s for heavy vehicles.
A maximum likelihood approach based on the assumption that the critical headway distribution is log-normal gave the best results.
However, the critical headway estimated by such a method represents an average value of all the observed drivers.
When critical headway and follow-up headway are involved, capacity estimations are being performed by analytical gap-acceptance models [8].
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