Theoretical models and research data suggest that noise of locomotion and ventilation may mask critical auditory information.
The results of Pearson's correlation in control group (GII) are in agreement with recent evidence that temporal resolution is a critical auditory skill necessary in accurate auditory processing of sound information.
As illustrated in Fig. 2, the functional images were acquired on a tilted coronal slice that was chosen to intersect all critical auditory forebrain areas: the primary auditory region field L, as well as secondary auditory areas caudal medial nidopallium (NCM) and caudal mesopallium (CM), both of which have been implicated in the processing of familiar songs (reviewed in Bolhuis & Gahr, 2006).
The critical salient auditory stimulus was a 14 ms duration 900 Hz pure tone (75 dB sound pressure level [SPL] at the ear; 44,100 kHz sampling rate) presented through two loudspeakers in front of the participants (as in [ 10]).
The ability to detect these modulations, considered critical for normal auditory and speech perception, improves over the course of development.
The frequency range where perception is enhanced, 'attentional band', resembles the critical band and auditory filter measures obtained psychophysically [27].
One of the major hypotheses regarding the origin of such activity involves a group of columnar epithelial supporting cells forming Kölliker's organ, which is only present during this critical period of auditory development.
Nine of these genes were significantly up-regulated between P7 and P14 (Bdnf, Nptx1, Nptx2, Nptxr, Lynx1, Camk2a, Mapk1, Mag, Mobp), which correspond to ages before and after hearing onset, and the opening of a critical period for auditory plasticity [ 13].
FoxO3 may have a more critical role in auditory synaptic transmission [ 41], cerebral endothelial vascular cell survival [ 42, 43], oxidative stress injury in mouse cerebellar granule neurons [ 44], neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy [ 45], erythroid cell growth [ 46], and hippocampal neuronal injury [ 47, 48].
The extension of the fine spectrum is less critical for the subjective auditory quality of the extended audio signals, in comparison with the extension of the spectral envelope [2].
The data suggests that SCN8A is critical for normal peripheral auditory function and may play a role in the pathogenesis of paroxysmal motor disorders.
