The concrete arch gravity dam needs to be modeled in two- and three-dimensions, in accordance to classic theoretical method and current codes, considering its big dimensions (length of the crest: 620 m; radius: 500 m; area of the reservoir whit a operating level: 308 Ha).
These changes result in osteopenia observed at the iliac crest and the distal radius.
Thus the radius at the crest or trough of the perturbed cylindrical surface can first shrink and then swell.
We used static and dynamic histomorphometric parameters to assess the amount and architecture of cancellous bone in four clinically important sites for osteoporotic fractures, including the lumbar vertebra, femoral neck, distal radius, and iliac crest.
This is one of the parameters to estimate the minimum radius in vertical crest and marginally be considered also to check the minimum lateral distance of an obstacle to visibility in horizontal curves.
A revision of the non-union was performed 9 months later with replating of the radius, bulk tricortical iliac crest bone grafting and cortical screw augmentation (Figs. 3, 4).
Moreover, the calculation of pull-off force at a bisinusoidal interface between two surfaces is carried out for various cases to study the effects of different influential parameters including work of adhesion, elastic modulus, radius curvature at a crest, and the wavelength ratio.
In bone, a wide spectrum of defects in different anatomic locations have been analyzed (calvarium, radius, tibia, condyle, iliac crest, ulna, femur, fibula, sternum, spine, frontal bone, and skull), besides vessel and bone formations in ectopic sites, employing the combination of PRP with scaffolds or autologous bone.
Trabecular bone loss in RA patients, however, has on-ly been studied at the iliac crest [ 9] and at the distal radius [ 10- 12], where it was found to be lower in RA patients than in controls [ 9, 11].
In this design, the central opening angle is constant whereas the arch radius increases from the base to the crest; this increase towards the crest is proportional to the increase of the canyon width of the gorge.
