Rather than "high tech" seeds, it is more important that farmers in developing countries first have a supporting infrastructure: markets, especially local markets, farm-to-market roads, credit, land tenure and agricultural services.
Powerful state-owned enterprises, used to cheap credit, land and energy, will resist threats to these privileges.As for political reform, Chinese leaders have talked about democracy for the past 30 years, but done little.
We show that contracts provided by local government peasant associations offering additional credit, land use security and extension services could be an effective means to increase the share of farmers implementing soil conservation measures.
The economic constrain paradigm states that input fixity in the short run, such as access to credit, land, labor or other critical inputs limits production flexibility and conditions technology adoption decisions (Uaiene et al. 2009).
Tangshanpeng Wind Farm (credit: Land Rover Our Planet).
- Liberia scored in the top tier of countries where women have equal access to credit, land and property, so does Algeria.
Women face more obstacles than men in labor markets, receive lower wages for the same work, dominate the informal economy and have less access to credit, land, time education and other productive resources.
Iselin: I think something to look out for are some of the more volatile sectors in the marketplace, such as healthcare credits, land secure deals particularly in places like California and Florida, some kind of single project financings where there's nothing overly essential about that project.
Descriptive nonparametric regression analyses show that despite major gains in titling across the land size spectrum, and some increase in land market activity, the other hoped for improvements in credit and land access did not occur, and appear unlikely to occur without further policy attention to credit markets.
