The characterisation of DNA in an individual's tumour to identify specific aberrations and the use of that profile to create specificity to DNA in blood is an approach that is highly attractive and may become feasible in a few years as the comprehensive characterisation of tumour DNA becomes more affordable and sufficiently rapid (see below).
An alternative method to create specificity in vertebrate genomes is to have two TFBS that only need to be within 150-bps of each other and function together because they compete with nucleosomes for binding (Polach & Widom 1996; Mirny 2010; Biddie et al. 2011).
Furthermore, mutational analyses of acidic residues involved in the charge complementation of structurally homologous proteins recognized by the T-cell antigen CD2 suggested that this receptor utilizes energetically neutral electrostatic interactions to create specificity in low-energy protein−protein recognition (35).
Fifteen years after its discovery, the Affibody technology is gaining use in many groups as a tool for creating molecular specificity wherever a small, engineering compatible tool is warranted.
Differential expression of genes between isolates could provide means for creating host specificity and phenotypic differences.
The acute consciousness of a changed world after the Revolution and hence of difference between historical periods led novelists to a new interest in re-creating the specificity of the past or, more accurately, reconstituting it in the light of their own present preoccupations, with a distinct preference for the Middle Ages and the Renaissance.
These are two questions, among many left to the imagination, that allow the viewer to create the "specificity" that is informed by the individual's cultural perceptions and biases. .
Mutagenesis of these residues broadens specificity, creating a promiscuous adaptor that recognizes an expanded substrate repertoire.
Strategies for increasing affinity, altering specificity, creating broad-spectrum binding, and building novel enzymes from scratch are described.
The QIAensemble™ system consists of an analytical subsystem (JE2000™) that utilizes a re-engineered Hybrid Capture® chemistry (NextGen) to maintain the high level of clinical sensitivity established by the digene High-Risk HPV DNA Test® (HC2), while creating improved analytical specificity as shown both in plasmid-based analyses and in processing of clinical specimens.
