Throughout, Mr. Parlá worked late nights, zipping between Barclays and the nearby Brooklyn Academy of Music Fisher Theater, where he was also creating a lobby mural.
In an op-ed published in USA Today, Gifford and Kelly referred to the NRA lobby and sought to counter it by creating a lobby dedicated to responsible gun control measures.
The Ricchetti brothers, who grew up in Cleveland, created a lobbying firm here in 1998.
In 1975, the N.R.A. created a lobbying arm, the Institute for Legislative Action, headed by Harlon Bronson Carter, an award-winning marksman and a former chief of the U.S. Border Control.
In 2009, 200 small and midsize businesses created a lobbying group, the Bundesverband Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologie, based in Hamburg, with the goal of altering the legal system.
A group of e-commerce companies and trade groups including eBay, Orbitz and the Electronic Commerce Association have joined forces to create a lobbying organization in Washington.
The nine biggest participants in the derivatives market — including JPMorgan Chase, Goldman Sachs, Citigroup and Bank of America — created a lobbying organization, the CDS Dealers Consortium, on Nov. 13, a month after five of its members accepted federal bailout money.
Earlier this month Google also helped create a lobbying group called Alliance for 4-G America, with partners including Yahoo, EchoStar Communications, DirecTV, Intel and Skype, in an effort to influence the F.C.C.'s rule-making for the auction.
The nation's enormous investment in biomedical research has also "created a lobbying behemoth composed of universities and nonprofit health advocacy groups that constantly remind Congress of the importance of funding health-related research," Stephan adds.
Further, Constance Connie Campanellala — former ALEC executive director and the first president of the Madison Group — left ALEC in 1988 to create a lobbying firm called Stateside Associates.
