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The cracking initiation model takes into account the effects of aging and healing on the cracking performance of asphalt mixtures.
The experiments demonstrated a strong relationship between GCI and cracking resistance at the cracking initiation stage.
It is shown that the crack growth has three phases, namely, cracking initiation, stable crack growth and unstable crack propagation.
Cracking initiation and propagation are frequently recognized as main causes leading to failure of timber structures.
In the experimental curve obtained with the flexure test an inflection point corresponding to cracking initiation is observed for a load of about 10 N/mm (Fig. 12).
The fracture toughness at cracking initiation was found to be lower for the steel with higher tensile strength and ductility.
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Stage V corresponds to crack initiation and propagation.
For all specimens the critical angle leading to crack initiation decreased when the patient age increased.
Fatigue crack initiation locations and minimum number of load cycles before failure initiation were determined.
Strain localization is a precursor to crack initiation.
Fretting was shown to be critical to crack initiation.
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