Exact(4)
A 34 full factorial design was developed considering water to cement ratio, fly ash percent, CNI and cracked condition as factors.
Moment of inertia of transformed cross-section of strengthened beam in cracked condition.
Moment of inertia of transformed cross-section of control beam in cracked condition.
kern-0pt} {left( {frac{L}{2}l_{s}^{2} - frac{2}{3}l_{s}^{3} } right)}} (7 where I s and I c are the moments of inertia of the transformed sections in cracked condition, before and after debonding failure, respectively.
Similar(56)
The investigation includes geometrically regular and irregular chimneys under un-cracked and cracked conditions.
The main parameters of the study include serviceability moment, ultimate moment capacity, flexural stiffness in serviceability and post cracked conditions, crack width development, crack spacing and failure mode.
This paper develops a nondestructive FWD-based evaluation model to evaluate the semi-rigid base cracking condition.
This model can be used to predict the hydraulic pressure and crack condition at the outer face of the lining based on measured water inflow rate and the crack condition at the inner face, with significantly increased accuracy compared with the existing models based on constant hydraulic conductivity.
It was found that the normalized base modulus (ratio between back-calculated and initial modulus) and the semi-rigid base cracking condition had good relationship on log-log scales, therefore the normalized base modulus was considered to be a reasonable indicator for the evaluation of semi-rigid base damage (cracking) condition.
The present work indicates that the Mode II toughness GIIc under pure shear cracking condition is indeed very weakly dependent on the initial crack length.
This is because that the semi-rigid base cracking condition cannot be obtained through visual surveys unless the asphalt course is milled off, therefore the nondestructive detection and evaluation method is a better choice.
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