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The crack initiation step can be simulated using sophisticated rate-dependent constitutive models.
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The procedure includes all necessary steps: crack initiation from an artificially generated surface defect, monitoring of crack growth, and specification of the end-of-test criterion.
Stage V corresponds to crack initiation and propagation.
Fatigue crack initiation locations and minimum number of load cycles before failure initiation were determined.
For all specimens the critical angle leading to crack initiation decreased when the patient age increased.
There is some evidence that these specific types of heterogeneity might reduce proliferation of micro-cracks [166 168], crack initiation and fatigue failure [169,170].
Kebir et al. [11] considered a probabilistic S N curve to model the time to crack initiation.
The time to crack initiation, the growth rate and the final fracture process might all include uncertainties.
It is shown that the crack growth has three phases, namely, cracking initiation, stable crack growth and unstable crack propagation.
The experiments demonstrated a strong relationship between GCI and cracking resistance at the cracking initiation stage.
The effects of surface roughness on crack initiation mechanism and associated step-wise S N characteristics were studied.
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