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The changes in fatigue mechanism and crack initiation site result in large variations in fatigue life.
Crack growth rate (da/dN) measurements along the width, thickness and the striation ridge lines indicated that the latter provides the most reliable results in terms of estimating fatigue crack initiation cycle, crack initiation site, and crack growth rate.
It was found that with the increase of loading angles crack initiation site changed from the matrix of surface to internal inclusions (either alumina or MnS) and fatigue strength decreased significantly.
Electron Channelling Contrast Imaging (ECCI) and Electron Back Scattered Diffraction (EBSD) studies of the axially cut surface of the failed specimens was done to analyse the accumulation of plastic fatigue damage and fatigue crack growth in the grains adjacent to the external surface and crack initiation site.
Two orientations of dense nanotwins were found at the crack-initiation site, while less-dense nanotwins were found away from the crack initiation site.
At the subsurface crack initiation site, smooth facets were always present regardless of applied stress level.
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Mg2Si particles were not effective crack initiation sites.
The reasons for the formation of these so-called "featureless crack initiation sites" are unclear.
In the very high cycle regime the crack initiation sites of the smooth specimens were internally.
The weld toe is one of the most probable fatigue crack initiation sites in welded components.
Fatigue crack initiation sites were investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) fractography.
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