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In addition, weakening of the electrostatic interaction between the 60 N-terminal residues of aS and CR at elevated ionic strengths allows the V66 P120 region to compete more effectively with the N-terminal region for the small amount of CR surface area available per aS molecule at the low CR:aS stoichiometric ratios (0.8 4.0) used in our study.
Effects of ionic strength, pH and kinetics on the Cr surface speciation are discussed below.
a Group CR (1: Ceramic surface, 2: CR surface) Units of the axis are in μm.
b Changes in Cr surface speciation from data assessed by XANES pre-edge analysis shown in Fig. 5a.
However, Cr from the substrate diffused outwards equalizing the Cr surface content of both coatings.
The wafers were subsequently analyzed for Cr surface concentrations using Rutherford backscattering.
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This paper is focused on measuring the critical heat flux (CHF) for SiC and Cr surfaces, which are known to have favorable properties such as oxidation resistance of a bulk material in atmospheres containing steam or a high vapor fraction.
To assess the value of using ATP-metry to control the quality of cleaning of care rooms (CR) surfaces in the intensive care units of a University Hospital.
Due to the increase of crystalline defects density and formation of martensitic structure, substitutional diffusion of Cr in surface layers is increased.
The protective behavior of the Cr/Cr oxide coatings arises from several effects: decrease of catalytic deposition of carbon on the Cr oxide surface (and expected prevention of inward diffusion of carbon through the Cr oxide), and hindrance of outward Cr and Fe diffusion which were identified as important events in the metal dusting of the bare 304L steel.
The CrCrgloves showed a significant reduction (p < 0.01) in the ratio of released Cr VI) to total released Cr (whole surface, 18.1%; finely cut pieces, 8.2%).
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