Precise identification of source populations in the reservoir and collection of quantitative data on their relative contribution to hantavirus transmission will be essential for disease control in the 3-country frontier.
No longer can they be written off as endemic only to the country's frontier regions.
The construction of belts of fortified cities along a country's frontier was the keynote of strategists' peacetime conceptions.
It cannot, as many Europeans might imagine, be explained as a legacy of the country's frontier past.
"There is a strain in the country, a frontier, isolationist, aggressive kind of ignorance that wants to forget about the rest of the world.
He later told Reuters that he had received pledges from France, Britain, Turkey and other countries to provide technical support and equipment, but that more needed to be done to secure his country's frontier.
The Great Scarcies, Moa, and Meli (one of the Moa's tributaries) form portions of the border with Guinea, while the Mano forms much of the country's frontier with Liberia.
But the wild, checkered land of Kurdish highlanders and marsh Arabs, Sunnis, Shiites, Turkmens, Assyrians, Jews and Chaldeans was an odd, impossible country, a frontier land on the fault lines between Arabs and Persians and between Arabs and Turks, and the Hashemites were never fully at ease.
As the 100th anniversary of the start of the first world war nears – and for Australia the far more significant and emotive centenary, on 25 April 2015, of the disastrous Gallipoli landings – there is no indication that the war memorial plans to tell the story of this country's frontier war.
Eight people were reported killed on the country's frontiers after pro-Palestinian protesters marched on three different frontier posts with Lebanon, Syria and Gaza to commemorate the 63rd anniversary of the Nakba ("catastrophe") of the founding of Israel on 15 May 1948, and the creation of the Palestinian refugee crisis.
Without Tikrit, the campaign will have trouble forging north on the highway to Mosul, Iraq's second-largest city, and eventually reconstructing the country's frontiers.
