In vertebrates, hepatic retinyl esters can be hydrolyzed back to retinol, which subsequently enters the blood stream in association with Rbp4 and Ttr proteins.
None of the aromatic FXIII V34X APs could be hydrolyzed by thrombin Y60aA.
DOX was conjugated to HA by pH-sensitive hydrazone bonds which could be hydrolyzed under acidic conditions and thus resulted in controlled release of DOX.
To determine why Uch37 exhibited low activity against the Ub-AMC substrate, which could be hydrolyzed by Uch37 homologs (Fig. 4C), we aligned the structure of the catalytic domain of Uch37 with those of UCH-L1, UCH-L3, and YUH1.
These soluble proteins includes peptides produced during yeast autolysis or the protein moiety of mannoproteins, which could be hydrolyzed by proteases and oligopeptidases in the LAB (Koponen et al. 2012; Pozo-Bayon et al. 2009).
(C) Potential biodegradation way of DKPs: hydrolysis of DKPs would lead to the corresponding linear dipeptides by unknown enzymes (investigated in this work), and the formed dipeptides could be hydrolyzed to the corresponding amino acids by dipeptidases.
With the aid of pretreatment and digestion of cellulose, about 79.2%% of the cellulose and 85.7 % of hemicellulose could be hydrolyzed into sugars.
Among the substrates tested, four dipeptides (Leu-Pro, Leu-Asp, Arg-Lys, and His-Arg) and three Z-derivatives (Z-Gly-Glu, Z-Gly-His, and Z-Pro-Leu) could not be hydrolyzed by TH2-CP (Fig. 4).
These two substrates, in addition to methyl-3-hydroxy cinnamate and methyl-4-hydroxy-3-methoxy cinnamate could be considered as the easiest to be hydrolyzed by FAEs since almost all the strains demonstrated a general preference for them.
A series of new isatin/triazole conjugates were designed based on the hypothesis that the ester-linked compounds could be enzymatically hydrolyzed by cellular esterases inside the cells.
