Sentence examples for costs of expression from inspiring English sources

Other costs of expression might also be invoked, with similar consequences.

Despite the attention for sexual conflict in hermaphrodite mating systems, data on the costs of expression of antagonistic traits is rare (or involved the concurrent elimination of both sexual functions [ 27]), although several authors point out that such data would be essential for determining the evolutionary consequences of antagonistic traits [ 4, 28, 29].

The three functional alleles have a positive cost

This is because, on the simplest model, high expression of a gene will increase the cost of expression of all genes, leaving the relative marginal costs unchanged.

With these parameters, c = 1 for an equal mix of preferred and nonpreferred codons (Fop = 1/2), and the cost of expression with Fop = 1 (all preferred codons) is half the cost of expression with Fop = 0 (all nonpreferred codons).

The synonymous position affects either the efficiency of translation (and hence the cost of expression) or translational accuracy (and hence the mean specific activity of the protein produced).

This will incur the same fitness loss of cϵopt δ due to the loss of protein function but without the compensatory decrease in the cost of expression.

To model the effect of codon choice on the cost of expression, we can allow c to depend on codon usage.

There will then be an evolutionary trade-off between the benefit of protein function and the cost of expression (the red curve).

More formally, assume that, neglecting the cost of expression, fitness is given by a function f, where α is a quantity that I will call "activity".

A more general model could allow changes to the protein sequence to affect both the protein's function and the cost of expression.