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Exact(9)
The government uses the before housing costs measure.
Unit labor costs measure how much companies pay workers for every unit of output they produce.
Using the after-housing costs measure, which is used in the End Child Poverty research just two constituencies make the cut (Sheffield Hallam, and Aberdeenshire and Kincardine).
The input costs measure of the services PMI – an indicator of what companies are paying to buy products and raw materials – jumped to 64.9 last month from 58.9 in September, where anything above 50 signals a rise.
Indirect costs measure the loss of productivity, the effect of the illness on the patient or caregiver abilities to work.
Direct costs measure the resources used to treat an illness and can be estimated by per capita expenditures, national tariffs, market prices, and published studies.
Similar(51)
Advertising costs, measured in costs per thousand impression (CPMs), are among the highest on the Internet.
An indicator which concerns operators is the HO signaling costs (measured by the HOR).
We extracted only costs measured empirically in the reviewed studies.
The costs measured by DRG points were reduced by 67% or by 0.6 to 1.8 points.
Costs measured by DRG points were also reduced by 67% (Table 3).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com