The cost for determining one Euclidean distance is therefore given by (31).
The cost for determining one Euclidean distance is therefore given by (31) (3) Eliminate contending paths at each node.
The cost for determining whether a given value y is the value associated with some key is equal to h(x(e i )) if y=y i for some key e i ; otherwise, the cost is h(g i )−1, where y∈I i.
Biodegradation of contaminants can increase the temperature in the subsurface due to heat generated from exothermic reactions, making temperature observations a potentially low-cost approach for determining microbial activity.
In this study, we propose a step-by-step decision procedure using the CPM and time-costing method for determining the optimal component procuring alternatives when expediting end product's completion time is desired.
The contamination source must be further studied and confirmed molecularly; however, the data presented provides a rapid and low cost method for determining the contamination's origin.
One relatively simple and low-cost alternative for determining a person's cause of death which is available in most low-resource countries is the so-called verbal autopsy (VA) [5], [6].
In many countries, particularly resource poor countries, however, implementing an effective vaccine programme is challenging both in terms of cost and for determining the true burden of diseases, because many pneumococcal meningitis cases are culture negative [7], [8].
Unfortunately, there are still no practical low-cost technologies for determining exposures to indoor allergens of concern (e.g., dust mites, mold, endotoxin) that are linked with the asthma hypothesis.
They are significantly more precise and detailed than the "rhythm method," and are typically free or low-cost methods for determining fertility.
