Where once they debated whether a proposed new product or charge was legal, now they worry about whether it might have to be defended in thousands of costly appearances in small-claims courts.
Since the costly part of appearance-based methods is the brute-force search for the landmarks, an efficient method to restrict the search area is the use of vertical and horizontal gray-value projections.
In Schumer's estimation this should ferret out illegitimate claims while letting genuine patent violations proceed along the costly route to court appearance, or settlement.
Misleading appearances of costly helping are also vividly exemplified by colony defense in meerkats (Suricata suricatta; Clutton-Brock et al. 1999).
Until recently, its variations were so costly that they made an appearance only in Formula One race cars and in models from luxury brands such as Ferrari, McLaren or Lamborghini.
From the very beginning, wallpaper had been regarded as a substitute for tapestry, painted cloth, leather, and wood paneling, and the first wallpapers were esteemed because they so cleverly and inexpensively simulated the appearance of more costly hangings.
In architecture, an activity dealing in ideas rather than commodities, branding and marketing hardly feature in the business development strategies of most firms - a major, potentially costly oversight, especially in an appearance-driven marketplace.
Stone, meanwhile, is about to become a free agent, and with a second successive Pro Bowl appearance, he may become too costly for the Giants to re-sign.
The appearance of the image on costly iPad sleeves and other items, the band members said in their complaint, improperly suggested that they gave their "sponsorship or approval" to these products.
Joe Hart, who made a costly error on his Torino debut, made his fourth appearance since joining the club on a season-long loan deal from Manchester City.
