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Therefore, respondents had been made to bear the cost of decision associated with the choice of a health insurance policy.
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"I know very well what it feels like to walk inside those neon-lit, heartless rooms, full of apparatchiks and bureaucrats who have absolutely no interest in the human cost of decision-making, and to have to struggle against them and come up with something palatable".
"We're not taking a nanny state approach, we're saying people should face the cost of decisions they're making by having to pay extra tax recouping the costs of obesity to the taxpayers," he said.
He added this had "massively raised the cost of decision-making and diminished genuine accountability throughout its governance hierarchy".
Indeed, a trade-off exists between available information, QoS model complexity, computational cost of decision-making, and accuracy of predictions.
I doubt anyone has gone to this nihilistic extreme, and I mention it to make it clear that being aware of the potential for unknown unknowns is useful, but not at the cost of decision-making paralysis.
In addition to limitations of using ad hoc ensemble learning, the computational cost of decision-based approaches increases corresponding to the number of data sources.
It is possible to conceive a way to achieve economic efficiency and at the same time reduce the costs of decision making and supervision.
They specifically distinguish between production costs and governance costs, the latter encompassing the costs of decision making as well as the costs of implementing a specific policy.
In theory, when prevalence is incorporated and costs of decision consequences are computed, the optimal threshold or sensitivity/specificity pair on any receiver operating characteristic curve can be calculated [ 30].
Most senior executives have experienced the costs of decisions based on poor information.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com