Unit managers may, for example, believe that the personal costs of cooperating are too high that their personal empires or bonuses may be put at risk.
The law, passed in the post-Watergate era to deter the payment of bribes to foreign officials to obtain business, has become a scourge for companies caught up in an investigation because of the enormous costs of cooperating with the government.
Network structure may be especially relevant to the study of cooperation, because the action of mechanisms which affect the cost:benefit ratio of cooperating (e.g. reciprocity, punishment, image scoring) is likely to be mediated by the relative position of actor and recipient in the network.
Underlying the new strategy, the Americans say, is the conviction that only a tougher approach will quell the insurgency and that the new strategy must punish not only the guerrillas but also make clear to ordinary Iraqis the cost of not cooperating.
This is because, for no overhead cost, with increasing the number of cooperating CRs, a target detection probability may be achieved by having low detection probability at the individual CRs.
This at least suggests the possibility that adding an explicit cost could reduce the average payoff of cooperating and defecting by similar amounts.
Clearly, when less then nq cells in a neighbourhood are producing the quorum signal molecule, "Honest" types will not cooperate, thus saving the cost of cooperation while frequently enjoying the cooperation benefit thanks to their unconditionally cooperating neighbors.
Specifically, we will consider the problem of minimizing the total communication costs within an architecture consisting of a distributed hierarchy of cooperating intelligent agents.
In the spirit of cooperating with the PCC, Grab has also agreed to continue to bear the costs of the Uber app extension (from March 25 to April 8) until April 15 , 2018
A set of cooperating ant colonies cooperate to choose the unit state over the scheduled time horizon.
