These criteria might result in an increase in the use of lower-cost modalities.
Participating hospitals have to meet basic costing modalities: cost allocation on each inpatient case relies on a full cost approach using actual costs.
The results are presented in Table 1 recording the authors' name, perspective of the study, types of cost (direct/indirect) modalities assessed (HD and PD), and the cost after the conversion into US dollar.
High cost imaging modalities (CT: computerized tomography/MRI: magnetic resonance imaging /PET: positron emission tomography) are often used to determine the extent of disease, and may affect decisions about continuing or changing the treatment, or hospice referral at the end of life [ 7].
Ultrasound is an important and low cost imaging modality used to study the internal organs of human body and blood flow through blood vessels.
Few previous works on a tertiary hospital had identified that fundamental information on patient demographics, circumstances under which accidents6 occur; treatment costs and modalities were frequently not recorded [25].
As the within-group changes in trunk perturbation characteristics did not differ between groups a cost-effectiveness analysis would favor HOME as this represents a low cost intervention modality compared to the investment in working hours, instructors, coaches, and additional training equipment that is needed with WORK.
The perceptions regarding psychotherapy as well as their comparisons across age, gender, education and occupational status are elaborated in Additional file 2. The majority supported the use of psychotherapy as an adjuvant to pharmacotherapy (80.5%) and considered it a cost effective modality (60.7%).
Ultrasound is a relatively cost-effective modality that is safe.
Vision is a versatile low-cost sensory modality, but low sample rate, high sensor delay and uncertain measurements limit its usability, especially in strongly dynamic environments.
Optical imaging is a low-cost imaging modality that shows promise for assessing breast density in the clinic without the use of ionizing radiation.
