Design of a cost-effective data collection scheme, i.e., data-worth analysis, requires quantifying model parameter, prediction, and both current and potential data uncertainties.
To gain this understanding, resource professionals need efficient and cost-effective data collection methods that can operate over vast and isolated landscapes.
The main challenge now faced is to build and maintain organised and functional behavioural and second generation surveillance systems across Europe, to increase collaboration, to promote robust, sustainable and cost-effective data collection methods, and to harmonise indicators.
RDS is clearly valuable as a cost-effective data collection tool for hidden populations, especially in circumstances where researchers themselves may have limited means or knowledge to access those populations.
The rapid implementation of cost-effective data collection systems in developing countries is a key priority if global public policy to promote health is to be more effectively informed.
Based on the definition of risk and the review of the use of the term 'risk-based' in various fields, we propose to define risk-based veterinary surveillance as follows: A surveillance programme in the design of which exposure and risk assessment methods have been applied together with traditional design approaches in order to assure appropriate and cost-effective data collection.
Uncooperative users, such as in criminal cases, pose an additional challenge to effective data collection processes.
With that said, there is a need to monitor and maintain the surveillance of WASH in both schools and communities, coupled with the ever increasing need for up to date, reliable data for informed decision making, it is essential to use consistent, fast, accurate and cost effective method of data collection".
Studies have shown, however, that phone interviews are a reliable and cost effective method for data collection [ 76], and for this reason we are confident in the soundness of the dataset.
In recent years, the internet has gained popularity as an efficient and cost-effective tool for data collection and has been shown to be valid and reliable for a variety of instruments [ 19, 20].
