All of the interventions are highly cost effective (ICERs below US$75000).
At such action levels the policy would be cost effective just below £30 000 per QALY in areas with a mean radon concentration 90 Bq/m, provided that 100% compliance could be achieved (see web extra appendix 5).
However, the benefits of using a common accepted currency such as the QALY are illustrated by Owen et al. [ 9] who provide a powerful message that many public health interventions are indeed cost effective, well below the NICE threshold of £20,000-30,000 per QALY.
In the subgroup analysis, the comparison shows that the probability of azacitidine being cost-effective below the €50,000/QALY threshold was 83.21% vs. BSC and 91.21% vs. LDC (Figure 5).
Even though all ICERs are considered cost-effective (below EUR50,000/QALY gained), interventions for men and women aged 30 and 50 specifically increase QALYs and decrease costs.
Vaccination is considered cost-effective below an ICER threshold of €20,000 per QALY, a limit often used in the Netherlands (Houweling et al., 2010).
According to the WHO recommendation for pharmacoeconomic evaluations, an intervention can be considered cost-effective when the ICER is below the threshold of 3 × gross domestic product (GDP) per capita [ 45] and highly cost-effective below 1 x GDP per capita.
They are ultimately important to assess how efficiently results are achieved (i.e. are they delivered in a timely and cost effective manner – see below), and particularly important to track in beginning of project (e.g. rate of fund disbursement).
A histogram of the QALY benefit associated with art therapy is shown in Fig. 4.> -wrap-foot> Inc Incrementhe In thresholdhold analysis it was calculated that even with unfavourable assumptions regarding length of residual benefit and mapping algorithm the utility gain required to be cost effective would be below 0.04.
Analyses of lower compliance levels indicated that although the number of preventable non-fatal and fatal cardiovascular events would be reduced, the incremental cost effectiveness ratios remained below accepted cost effective thresholds.
