This paper mainly focuses on the minimum cost broadcast problem for low-duty-cycle WSNs.
The proposed Least-Cost DC-CMST Heuristic can be applied to the topological design of large local networks and to the construction of least cost broadcast and multicast trees for efficient routing algorithms.
Magazines and newspapers sold on the newsstands are subsidised by advertising to bring down their cost; broadcast television in most countries is entirely subsidised.Consumers want to avoid wasting their money, but more importantly, they want to minimise their risk.
Our protocol differs from existing protocols by adopting a low-cost broadcast, which does not guarantee reliability, as a basic operation.
Clearly separated accounts must be drawn up which clearly delineate event costs and broadcast costs.
Enter two promising, albeit immature, technologies: Streaming video (see "Standards, standards.," Technology, Sept. 8, 1997) and low-cost, broadcast-quality MPEG2 compression (see "Fear and sleuthing in COMDEX.," Technology, Nov. 24, 1997).
Mr. Mitchell, 29, said his cash expenses to make and distribute the segment were about $50, a fraction of the roughly $100,000 that it would cost to broadcast a 30-second spot on a television news program with an audience of a few million, like "Meet the Press".
And while the cost of broadcast rights has fallen in France, it has been rising in Britain and elsewhere.
Much like publishing on the Internet, the relative cost to broadcast on the World Wide Web is modest.
THE News Corporation's decision to write down $909 million in sports television programming for its Fox network on Tuesday may halt the recent inflation in the cost of broadcast network sports contracts, industry analysts said.
A spokesman for Mr. Lauder, Nelson Warfield, said the commercials, which cost $50,000 to broadcast, are a warning to "those people who are getting rambunctious, or nervous, or otherwise interested in attacking term limits, to recognize that Ronald Lauder is ready, willing and able to defend term limits".
