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The cost-based criterion includes the piping network cost, based upon the pipes', diameter, and the pumping cost, while the network length criterion is simply the sum of all the pipes through which contaminated water flows with a flow-rate higher than a threshold value.
The baseline design point is optimized for maximum performance and minimum capital cost based upon the ARIES systems code results, along with physics and engineering analyses.
Individuals were assigned an annual treatment cost based upon their diabetes treatment group.
The likely range of manufacturing costs per gram of DAA were then projected as formulated product cost, based upon treating a minimum of 1 million patients annually (to arrive at volume demand) combined with an analysis of the complexity of synthesis and a 40% margin for formulation.
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Discharges to rehabilitation units were costed based upon the published literature, which suggests an average length of stay of 33 days at a cost of £2,758 (Table 1) [ 17].
Additionally, because the drug miltefosine is not marketed in Brazil, its price cannot be easily calculated but has been given a range of costs based upon previously published literature.
The total was then multiplied by a factor of 1.25, to account for fringe benefits and other compensation costs (based upon a personal communication regarding estimates for fringe costs of primary care physicians, mid-level providers, and medical office staff with Nick A. Fabrizio, PhD, MGMA Medical Management Consultant).
The unit prices and direct unit costs were based upon the cost of the same type of beers sold at local bars and the cost of kegs from local distributors.
The constraint of signal transmission quality and network resources utilization in transparent optical networks are herein addressed through a representative cost function based upon an impairment-constraint-base routing (ICBR) approach, taking into account link capacity utilization and the nonlinear physical effect, in the primary instance due to Four-Wave Mixing (FWM -induced crosstalk.
However, analyses modelling formulae allow for cost substitutions based upon local rates.
Costs were based upon a simulation study of the cost of introducing a malaria vaccine into the routine immunization system in Tanzania [ 41], and were also consistent with results from a similar study following the introduction of a pentavalent DTP-hepatitis B-Hib vaccine in Ethiopia [ 42].
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