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Accordingly, we can conclude that acts of institutional corruption necessarily involve a corruptor who performs the corrupt action qua occupant of an institutional role and/or someone who is corrupted qua occupant of an institutional role.
It remains true that the officer is performing a corrupt action.
Thus far, examples of different types of corrupt action have been presented, and corrupt actions have been distinguished from some other types of immoral action.
For there are cases in which someone knowingly performs a corrupt action but is, say, coerced into so doing, and is therefore not blameworthy.
Note that personal corruption, i.e., being corrupted, is not the same thing as performing a corrupt action, i.e., being a corruptor.
Obviously, here I am working with a simplified definition of moral responsibility that does not take into account complications such as that a person might not be morally responsible if under hypnosis they knowingly performed a corrupt action.
Similar(51)
This is judicial corrosion, but not judicial corruption.[16] Because persons who perform corrupt actions (corruptors) intend or foresee — or at least should have foreseen —the corrupting effect their actions would have, these persons typically are blameworthy, but not necessarily so.
A corruptor of other persons or institutional processes can in performing these corrupt actions also and simultaneously be producing corrupting effects on him or herself.
Indeed, some actions that are done out of a desire to achieve good are corrupt actions, namely, acts of so-called noble cause corruption.
We have just seen that the corruption of persons and institutions typically requires a pattern of corrupt actions.
In the light of the diverse range of corrupt actions, and the generic nature of the concept of corruption, it is unlikely that any precise and detailed definition of institutional corruption is possible.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com