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We therefore performed a metabolomic study of PCa bone metastases in comparison with corresponding normal bone, primary PCa tumor and normal prostate tissue, using metastatic tissue collected at surgery for complications of bone metastases [14].
Prediction of the PCa bone metastases and corresponding normal bone samples (blind to the model) into the OPLS-DA model revealed a clear discrimination between the sample classes in the test set (Figure 2c).
In addition, a separate OPLS-DA model gave a significant difference (P<0.001) between the PCa bone metastases and corresponding normal bone samples in the test set and the metabolites significantly separating those sample groups (Table S2) overlapped to great extent with the significant metabolites detected in the model set (Table S1).
Metabolomics was applied for the study of PCa bone metastases (n = 20) in comparison with corresponding normal bone (n = 14), and furthermore of malignant (n = 13) and benign (n = 17) prostate tissue and corresponding plasma samples obtained from patients with (n = 15) and without (n = 13) diagnosed metastases and from men with benign prostate disease (n = 30).
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That's because dead bone does not constantly repair itself like normal bone does.
This 'test set' included bone metastasis samples from prostate (6), breast (3), kidney (2) and squamous cell (2) adenocarcinomas as well as normal bone samples from corresponding patients prepared, profiled and predicted as a separate validation cohort (Table 1).
The reference for normal bone marrow signal is the marrow signal in the center of the sacrum at the corresponding craniocaudal level.
(F – K ) Normal bone marrow histology (F and G ) and cytology (H ) of control mouse C1, compared to corresponding results for mouse E1 with specific Mybl2 -knockdown (histology I, J ; cytology K ).
Normal bone regeneration occurred in both groups.
Bone is a tissue whose repair leads to normal bone.
The images will show whether a tumour is creating bone tissue or destroying normal bone tissue.
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