Your English writing platform
Discover LudwigExact(6)
where h(x;a) is the weak learner or base learner with basis functions ({{h x, a_{m})}}^{M}_{m=1}) and ρ m is the corresponding multiplier.
Using Keynesian multiplier approach, Brownrigg (1973) arrived at income multiplier between 1.45 and 1.80 based on a case study of the University of Stirling, while Huggins and Cooke (1997) found the corresponding multiplier at 1.46 to 1.52 at the Cardiff University.
Lemma 2.3 Let m ∈ C ∞ ( R N ∖ { 0 } ) be a homogeneous function of degree 0, and T m be the corresponding multiplier operator defined by ( T m f ) ∧ = m f ˆ, then there exist a ∈ C and Ω ∈ C ∞ ( S N − 1 ) with zero average such that for any Schwartz function f, T m f = a f + P V Ω ( x ′ ) | x | N ∗ f.
Lemma 2.5 Let m ∈ C ∞ ( R N ∖ { 0 } ) be a homogeneous function of degree 0, and let T m be the corresponding multiplier operator defined by ( T m f ) ∧ = m f ˆ, then there exist a ∈ C and Ω ∈ C ∞ ( S N − 1 ) with zero average such that for any Schwartz function f, T m f = a f + PV Ω ( x ′ ) | x | N ∗ f.
Therefore, the Lagrange multipliers (;{varvec{uplambda}}) and ({varvec{upmu}}) can be determined from reduced system of linear equations (11) with any one of them eliminated (of course, with setting a corresponding multiplier equal to zero).
Since any N + M − 1 among N + M constraints (19) are mutually independent while ({mathbf{e}}_{N}^{prime } {mathbf{u}} = {mathbf{e}}_{M}^{prime } {mathbf{v}}), the Lagrange multipliers (;{varvec{uplambda}}) and ({varvec{upmu}}) can be determined from reduced system of linear equations (21) with any one of them eliminated with setting a corresponding multiplier equal to zero.
Similar(54)
Nevertheless, once positive shocks fade out and corresponding multiplier-accelerator effects have run their course, there will be a deceleration of output growth even if prices stay high.
Our outside entity would like to know the exact effect of its planned policy on the aggregate action, and it would like to know the corresponding economic multiplier, that is, the change in the aggregate action from the e shock.
Now, even though the setting is simple, the effect is complicated: the population of agents is networked; agents' actions are interdependent, so depending on which subset of agents actually receives the positive shock, the change in the aggregate action and the corresponding economic multiplier can both widely differ.
Further, we denote by the set of inequality constraint functions active at and by the objective functions indices set, for which the corresponding Lagrange multiplier is not equal.
We denote by and the sets of equality constraints indices for which a corresponding Lagrange multiplier is positive and negative, respectively, that is, and.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com