For more sophisticated discussions of the relations among structural equation models, graphical models, the corresponding causal diagrams and counterfactual causality; see [ 7, 30, 31, 58] and the papers cited therein.
Though the results of the above regressions support the utility maximization model and corresponding hypotheses, the causality is not addressed if migration duration plans, marriage and fertility decisions are simultaneously determined.
We interpreted the model order corresponding with peak causality as providing an indication of the delay in transfer of information (Staudigl et al., 2012), which has been measured directly between the frontal cortex and hippocampus in rats and found to be consistent with the delays suggested by the present data (Siapas et al., 2005; Benchenane et al., 2010).
Usually, the impedance boundary condition can be defined in frequency domain as a rational polynomial function with poles in the negative half of the complex plane to guarantee stability; otherwise, causality might be violated in the corresponding time domain implementation.
Apparently, when the energy causality constraint is a constant, the corresponding energy-harvesting line is a tangent line of the energy consuming curve.
Proteins are represented as boxes and arranged in layers to suggest the causality of signaling events, with the top layer corresponding to ligands, the layer below corresponding to ERBB receptors, etc.
This suggests that the corresponding framework created to better understand the typology and causality of the patient safety incidents was robust.
Then, we address correctness issues (e.g., causality and synchronizability analyses) about GASPARD models via their corresponding synchronous descriptions in order to formally validate the original system descriptions.
However, the Wald test statistic corresponding to the exchange rate fails to accept the hypothesis of Granger causality from exchange to interest rate.
