However, future studies are necessary to establish the ability of MRI/3D-MRSI to accurately assess patients with premalignant or very early malignant changes, to validate metabolic markers as intermediate endpoints in chemoprevention trials, and to correlate metabolic endpoints with other promising intermediate biomarkers.
In an informative translational study of 57 patients with bone-metastatic CRPC treated with abiraterone acetate, Efstathiou and colleagues [ 54] measured androgen signaling in bone marrow-infiltrating CRPC, as well as testosterone levels in serum and marrow aspirate, and correlated these endpoints with clinical outcome.
Correlating pathophysiological aging endpoints to gene expression and other cellular signatures will become a focus in current aging research to explore loss of homeostasis and general health decline on individual or organ-specific level.
And, for the first time, the molecular endpoints were quantitatively correlated to phenotypic endpoints and generally consistent with those based on conventional in vitro and in vivo genotoxicity assays, suggesting that the toxicogenomics-based assays can be promising for potential genotoxicity assessment of ENMs.
The dermatology-specific DLQI was highly correlated to clinical endpoints at baseline and at Week 12, and was the most responsive PRO to changes in endpoints.
These assays are used to detect increased levels of T cells after peptide-based immunotherapy for cancer in an attempt to describe surrogate endpoints correlated with anti-tumor activity.
In vivo responses were correlated with surrogate endpoints, including reduction/elimination of JAK2V617F disease burden assessed by quantitative genomic PCR, suppression of endogenous erythroid colony formation, and in vivo inhibition of JAK-STAT signal transduction as assessed by flow cytometric measurement of phosphorylated Stat5.
However, to date, data from clinical trials do not consistently show that immune responses are correlated with clinical endpoints [ 1].
Within a subgroup analysis, biomarker data were correlated with efficacy endpoints and skin rash using a Cox regression model.
pCR has been proven to correlate with survival endpoints (DFS and OS) in neoadjuvant chemotherapeutic trials [ 25, 26] but its precise definition is still debated.
These reviews also recommend that gut biomarkers need to be correlated with clinical endpoints, however none of these reviews attempted to do so.
