Modified covariance-based sensitivity indices (mCov-SI) are defined for outputs that reflect correlated effects.
Similarly, high niche overlap reduced the effect of nestedness during the late stage of infection, while niche overlap and connectance strengthened each other's effects during the early stage of infection (Table 1; correlated effects are analysed in more detail in the next chapter).
Here I have shown that inactivating mutations in yeast generally have correlated effects on mutational, environmental, and stochastic robustness.
Taken together, we can say that deletions in non-essential genes in yeast tend to have correlated effects on mutational, environmental, and stochastic robustness.
However, because P addition, % cover, and orthopteran abundance were very highly correlated, effects of P acting through the nutritional quality of hosts could have been masked by the correlation with % cover.
A key prediction of the normalization model of attention is that presentation of surround stimuli and deployment of attention to the RF should have correlated effects.
Therefore, it remains an open and important empirical question whether any intervention that systematically changes the MNS has correlated effects on action understanding.
Methods 1 to 3 assume that the genotypes are not correlated, while Methods 4 and 5 assume correlated effects according to the model underlying the RR-BLUP.
These two scenarios are not mutually exclusive; some resistance mechanisms may have correlated effects on both rate and yield (Fitzsimmons et al. 2010).
Given available data, however, it is impossible to know whether these effects lead to dimorphism or correlated effects in both sexes.
However, the same underlying principles are utilised: computing requirements are reduced by transforming previously correlated effects to be independent and increasing the sparsity of the corresponding MME.
