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Some fault-tolerant design and test methods must be adopted in order to correctly transmit and receive data.
We still count the correctly transmitted packets to obtain the effective throughput of different channel switching strategies.
To correctly transmit a signal over a noisy channel error correcting codes are used to protect the signal from the effects of the channel.
To overcome this issue, a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) of 16 bits (or 2 bytes in length) was used to determine whether the packet was correctly transmitted.
It can also be identified in Fig. 6 that the Smart Strands can be utilized to check that the jacking force is correctly transmitted through the tendons.
Taking into account that an -PDU is correctly transmitted if the (in which it was segmented) arrive correctly at the receiver, the term is computed as the probability of requiring at least retransmissions, (see (13)): (20).
Throughput is defined as the ratio between the number of information bits correctly transmitted by a user and the time that the channel is allocated to that user in a multi-user system [18,27].
Notice that the proposed cross-layer metric (13) takes into account power consumption of the nodes indirectly in the terms W ¯ i (the lower is the queue, the lower is the energy required to transmit the queued packets) and R ¯ i, j (the lower is the link quality, the higher the energy required to correctly transmit the packets).
Notice that this emulation approach is able not only to reflect the loss of packets incorrectly transmitted (some packets arriving to the TS are not forwarded to their destination) but also the real-time delay experienced by packets correctly transmitted (the TS does not forward a packet until the RANE indicates it). Figure 12 Interaction RANEs-TS.
The playout process starts with a playout delay D. A frame correctly transmitted is considered lost at the receiver side either if there is not enough space in the buffer for its storage or if it is received after its decoding deadline.f All the received frames exhibit a different delay at the playout buffer, due to the transmission buffer queue and the random delay introduced by the channel.
The current model suggest that prion fibers need to be shortened or cleaved by Hsp104 in order to be correctly transmitted to the mitotic progeny during cell division [20], [21].
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