Results are generated for the appropriate parameter range applicable for the diesel particulate filter application which provide the corrected friction coefficients and Nusselt numbers for nonzero Rew.
The correlations for the wall corrected friction factor proposed in the literature (Exp. Heat Transfer 12 (1999) 309), with varying coefficients, fit well to predict the pressure drop through packed beds for both glass beads and SOPs with considering the wall effects.
While similar control solutions do estimate these parameters, there is no guarantee that they will estimate the correct value of friction parameters.
Thus, a mathematical filter was developed to correct the friction-induced error of the PR measurements.
The importance of a correct coefficient of friction and the advantages of each evaluation method are discussed.
Solutions using the new equation set are shown to be grid-independent for the conditions considered and to have an intuitively correct sensitivity to friction, however small instabilities and increased errors on predicted depth were noted when Manning's n = 0.01.
Friction corrected estimates were statistically smaller than estimates produced by compensation methods and disruption corrected methods, which did not consistently differ from each other.
Shear displacement was corrected for machine distortion, and torque and normal force data for the wet experiments were corrected for seal friction to obtain the shear stress and effective normal stress (σneff) acting on the sample, and the apparent friction coefficient (μ = τ / σneff, ignoring cohesion).
The measurements are corrected for a friction stress of 0.34 MPa and compared with a model which incorporates the orientation dependent line tension (ODLT) of a dislocation.
kern-0pt} {sigma_{vo}^{prime } }}]), obtained from penetration test data, where f s, q t, (sigma_{vo}), and (sigma_{{_{vo} }}^{prime }) are the sleeve friction, corrected tip resistance, vertical total stress, and vertical effective stress, respectively.
