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The XPS analysis is used to confirm the chemical compositions of ITO NWs. Figure 3c shows the XPS spectra of O 1s, In 3d, and Sn 3d core levels in the ITO NWs.
Here, we calculated the core levels in the initial-state approximation, which often yields binding-energy shifts that are in reasonable agreement with experiment, even though the absolute values of the binding energies are inaccurate.
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With these distinctions in mind, it is difficult to claim that anything more than the belief in descent from common ancestry was maintained by a broadly international scientific community at the "hard core" level in the period between 1870 1930.
Si 2p core levels in all the three systems (lysine, arginine and histidine) showed a BE maxima at ca. 103.2±0.2 eV, which corroborates well with previously reported values for SiO2 system in an Si-O-Si environment [40].
O 1s core levels in all the three systems could be deconvoluted into two major components with a lower BE component at ca. 531.2±0.1 eV and a higher BE component at ca. 532.6±0.2 eV.
Blacks on a core level, in this country, have been doing this for hundreds of years.
In this work, different methodologies were adopted to recover the actual position of the core levels in insulator materials which were easily affected by differential charging phenomena.
Different methodologies, such as neutralizing electron gun, the use of C 1s peak recalibration and zero charging method, were applied to recover the actual position of the core levels in insulator materials which were easily influenced by differential charging phenomena.
(b1 b3) Deconvolution of C (1s), O (1s), and Zn (2p) core levels in sample ALD after photocatalysis.
(c1 c3) Deconvolution of C (1s), O (1s), and Zn (2p) core levels in sample MS before photocatalysis.
(a1 a3) Deconvolution of C (1s), O (1s), and Zn (2p) core levels in sample ALD before photocatalysis.
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