The quantitative Ag/C atomic ratios of the samples were determined using the peak area ratio of the corresponding XPS core levels and the sensitivity factor (SF) of each element in XPS. Figure 4 shows high-resolution XPS spectra of the C(1 s) core level for the AgNPs.
Regretfully, the available literature values of binding energies of the Sn3d5/2 core levels for SnO (Eb = 487.1 eV [53], 487.4 eV [54]) and SnO2 (Eb = 487.01 eV [55], 486.8 eV [56]) nearly coincide, which made it hardly possible to differentiate between SnO and SnO2.
The binding energies for various core levels of the elements present in these polymer electrolytes and their observed chemical shifts are obtained for different salt concentrations.
Figure 4d shows the O 1s core levels for both samples, deconvoluted into two main components.
In Table 3, the core level BE and FWHM are summarized for the C1s, Au4f, and S2p core levels of the sample B. Table 3 Experimental XPS data for sample B are summarized Sample B BE (eV) FWHM (eV) Assignation C1s 285.00 1.67 Aromatic C S2p3/2 161.81 1.56 S-Au Au4f7/2 83.53 1.66 Au(0) 85.35 1.66 Au-S.
Figure 4b depicts the In 3d XPS spectra of the In2O3 films, clearly demonstrating one-doublet Gaussian peaks at 444.7 and 452.3 eV, which are associated with In 3d5/2 and In 3d5/2 core levels for In2O3 [23, 23].
The binding energies of the core-level spectra were determined with respect to the binding energy (E B = 84.0 eV) of the clean Au 4f core-level for the same photon energy.
The calculated C 1 s core-levels for the C=O species of the ketene group are 286.67 and 286.33 eV for the (6,6) and (10,0) SWCNTs, respectively, as shown in Figure 2 b.
The binding energy of the Ag 3d5/ 2) core level for Ag, Ag2O, and AgO is 368.5, 368.3, and 367.7 eV, respectively.
The XP spectra of Ru 3d core level for various samples are presented in Fig. 4.
The XP spectra of Ce 3d core level for various samples are presented in Figure S2 (Supporting Information).
