Variation in copy number in the current study (average of 4.4 copies) is consistent with the observations of Perry et al. for those populations with low starch intake (5 copies) [9], suggesting that a significant proportion of our mixed-ancestry subjects may come from "low-starch" populations in which AMY1 copy number is evolving more neutrally, rather than undergoing positive selection.
The lack of extensive, degenerate TLO copies is consistent with the recent origin of the TLO expansion but could also be due to the acquisition of nonredundant functions among TLO paralogs.
This remarkable similarity between the two copies is consistent with previous direct sequencing of markers located within the genes CG12123 and CG1440, which revealed a single sequence on chromosome XSR6 (Montchamp-Moreau et al. 2006).
The reason for this is that the Holosticha repeat contains a C, which is relatively rare in AT-rich ciliate genes, where Uroleptus presents a T. The fact that this substitution is mirrored in both repeat copies is consistent with their function in putative IES removal.
The lower nosZ copies were consistent with previous study reported that salinity decreased the biodiversity of bacteria carrying the denitrification genes (Miao et al. 2015).
As positions of homoeologous copies were consistent for groups 5 and 7, we extrapolated the position of all TaMET1 genes from these five copies.
Except the two elements with five LTRs, which were not successfully amplified, the actual sizes of other 13 copies were consistent with estimates from the bioinformatics approach.
It is shown that there is not a single orthologous copy of 16S rRNA across the taxon sampling included in this study and that the relationships among the multiple copies are consistent with 16S rRNA undergoing concerted evolution.
The extended model, with adjustment of one new parameter (the ratio of the Grb2 and EGFR copy numbers), is consistent with a cluster size distribution where 2% of EGFR monomers, 5% of EGFR dimers, <1% of EGFR trimers, and 94% of EGFR tetramers are associated with Grb2.
In most of the cases (84%) that showed gene amplification, the c- myc gene gained only one to two copies, which is consistent with c- myc FISH data from other studies.
