Social networks provide social and emotional support, self-esteem, trust, identity, coping, shared purpose and perceptions of control, the absence of which is demonstrated to have negative impacts on health (Bracke, Christiaens, and Verhaeghe 2008; Cohen and Wills 1985; Norris et al. 2008).
The BFS has 10 items on a five-point Likert scale (Table 1) ranging from 1 (not at all) to 5 (extremely), which are summarised in four subscales (acceptance, sensitivity to others, improved coping, and new purpose of life) and a total BF.
In the second section, participants were asked to rate their use of 31 adaptive (e.g., read, exercise) and maladaptive (e.g., drink, stop eating, physically hurt myself on purpose) coping strategies for stress on a four-point Likert scale (0 = never; 3 = always).
The artefacts can be adjusted to the users' needs, providing support to various purposes by coping with and enhancing different procedures.
Therefore, in the MACS, unconscious coping strategies or so-called "automatised" coping strategies people use in every day life are excluded [ 56, 57], as these are not considered true coping strategies according to the definition used for the purpose of these analyses.
A psychological approach includes perceived self-efficacy, self-esteem and self worth, confidence, optimism, purpose in life, coping, facing up to problems and overcoming difficulties.
When addressing the concept of coping for assessment, intervention or research purposes, it should be kept in mind that coping is a very dynamic concept.
For the purpose of this paper, coping is defined as all behavioural, emotional and cognitive strategies the person applies in dealing with stress.
The FM/UFG, in 2011, offered a one-semester elective class whose purpose was to discuss strategies of coping with professional stress.
The LogoAutobiography program was revised to enhance its efficacy not only for depressive symptoms and purpose in life but also to increase coping strategies.
