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First, immediately after gene duplication both gene copies experience an initial acceleration in their rate of evolution.
We find that both gene copies experience a similar in magnitude acceleration in their rate of evolution.
If SINEU-1 copies had been generated independently by template switch, many non-LTR retrotransposon copies that share the 3′ terminus with SINEU-1 families should be found, because only a minority of non-LTR retrotransposon copies experience template switch.
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Clade-A AHLs endured rapid gene losses; while Clade-B copies experienced birth-and-death events.
Clade-A AHLs showed rapid birth-and-death events; while the Clade-B copies experienced only gene loss events.
If males inheriting both duplicated SDR copies experienced either lower fitness or abnormal development, this would account for rapid elimination of fish with duplicate sdY regions.
If this is the case, Figure 2 suggests that some gene duplication events of sHSPs occurred before the radiation of insects, and that one or two copies experienced lineage-specific expansions through successive gene duplications after the radiation of insects.
As Bacevich notes in his book (you should beg, borrow, or otherwise acquire a copy), experience has not taught the U.S. national security state much of anything.
One copy experienced a 2668-bp deletion removing part of the ogrK gene and both yegR and yegS.
After gene duplication some retained duplicated genes undergo asymmetric rate divergence and the faster evolving copy experiences relaxed constraint or positive selection [ 34, 35].
Duplicated genes give organisms the opportunity to "experiment" with mutations without losing the biological function of the original gene because when one copy experiences a deleterious mutation that destroys its function, the other copy can still be functional.
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