In particular, both have been hypothesized to serve an avoidant coping function.
The current study examined whether athletes, classified according to their perfectionism profile, differed across burnout and coping function and whether differences in burnout were mediated by coping.
In horses, stereotypic mares however exhibit lower reproductive success [ 5], and at present, the coping function of stereotypic behaviours remains a highly debated issue.
The affective state appears a strong predictor of coping function [ 17, 62], with negative affect being associated with maladaptive coping [ 8] and variation in emotional reactions to stressors being associated with coping dynamics [ 56, 63, 64].
The absence of difference between stereotypic and non-stereotypic horses might reflect equally low cortisol levels, an interpretation which would, at least partly, support a coping function of stereotypic behaviours.
McBride and Cuddeford [ 6] report higher plasma concentrations in horses immediately prior to the onset of a crib-biting bout, followed by a significant reduction post- crib-biting, suggesting that stereotypic behaviours may have a coping function that reduces stress levels in the animal.
For example in horses, McBride and Cuddeford [ 6] report higher plasma cortisol (pC) levels immediately prior to a crib-biting bout, followed by a significant reduction post-crib-biting, suggesting that this stereotypic behaviour may have a coping function to reduce stress levels.
Other studies included in our review have shown limited and/or contradictory data for parameters such as fighting spirit, having a female child, showing adjustment, having hobbies, coping, role functioning, stressful events, stoic acceptance, fatalism, locus of control and anger.
It is verified by simulation especially on large scale problems that the convergence speed is greatly accelerated, which is its main difference from many other reported methods that mostly cope with functions with less than 50 variables and does not apply to large scale optimization problems.
Additional questions comprised sociodemographic and disease characteristics, physical, mental and social functioning, coping (Coping with rheumatic stressors questionnaire), and quality of life (RAND-36).
1 Typically viewed as a problem-focused coping strategy, which can help individuals understand what is at stake and determine what kind of resources and options are available to them for managing the stressors, cancer information seeking has also been shown to have emotion-focused coping functions, as it can reduce negative emotions linked to the uncertainty of the disease and provide reassurance.
